08/02/2026
George IV was called the "First Gentleman of England" because of his style and manners. During the Regency, fashion changes were heavily influenced by George. After opponents taxed wig powder, he stopped wearing a powdered wig for a more natural hairstyle.
The decline of wig-wearing tied to a queue had already begun, and the tax accelerated this trend, causing a shift in fashion in the 1790s. Initially, the tax raised £200,000 in its first year. By 1812, 46,684 people paid it, but by 1855, only 997, mostly servants, remained.
When repealed in 1861, it brought in about £1,000 annually. Jenny Uglow notes that those who paid the guinea hair powder tax were called "guinea-pigs" by reformist Whigs, who instead cut their hair short (the "French" cut) and avoided wigs to show solidarity with the French. The Times satirized these "guinea-pigs" as part of the "Crop Club," wearing the "Bedford Level"—a nod to Francis Russell, 5th Duke of Bedford.