15/07/2026
Variable Bush Viper (Atheris squamigera)
The variable bush viper (Atheris squamigera) is a venomous arboreal viper native to the tropical rainforests of West and Central Africa. It is found in countries ranging from Ghana and Nigeria to Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The species was first described by the German naturalist Johann Georg Wagler in 1827.
Renowned for its striking appearance, the variable bush viper displays an extraordinary range of colors, including shades of green, yellow, orange, olive, and even blue-gray. Its strongly keeled scales give the snake a rough, almost spiny texture, providing excellent camouflage among dense vegetation. A primarily nocturnal ambush predator, it feeds on small mammals, birds, frogs, and lizards.
The venom of Atheris squamigera is primarily hemotoxic and cytotoxic, causing pain, swelling, tissue damage, and disturbances in blood coagulation. Although severe envenomations have been reported, bites are relatively uncommon due to the species' secretive, arboreal lifestyle. When left undisturbed, the variable bush viper typically relies on its exceptional camouflage rather than defensive behavior.
With its remarkable color variation and unmistakable appearance, the variable bush viper is considered one of the most beautiful and charismatic vipers in the world.
Photographed in Mityana, Uganda