02/19/2026
Rayleigh scattering
Green eyes: "Curious blend of light brown pigmentation, a yellowish lipochrome pigment, and a splash of Rayleigh scattering."
In an article for Owlcation, biostatistician Edmund Custers broke down this strange phenomenon. Basically, "green" eyes only contain a small amount of the brown pigment called melanin. In the absence of a lot of melanin, Rayleigh scattering happens. Rayleigh scattering is when, as Custers explained, "longer wavelengths of light pass straight through the eye, then they are absorbed at the back of the eye." He added, "Shorter wavelengths (blue wavelengths) are reflected and randomly scattered by the opaque layer of the iris." Brown eyes, on the other hand, absorb light because they contain more melanin. Although Rayleigh scattering is also responsible for making blue eyes, well, blue, green eyes are especially unique because of this "curious blend" of blue wavelengths and yellowish pigment.