08/06/2026
A vice president at Google said the photos we take today may not survive us.
Vint Cerf, co-designer of the TCP/IP protocol that built the internet and Google's chief internet evangelist, used the phrase "digital dark age" in a February 2015 talk at the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting in San Jose. His point was simple. File formats become unreadable. Hardware dies. Cloud companies fold. The photos remain only as long as the chain holds.
A 19th century daguerreotype made in 1850 is still viewable on a kitchen table today. A 2005 photo on a forgotten Flickr account, a defunct Picasa album, or a corrupted hard drive in a closet often is not. The Library of Congress maintains a public list of hundreds of "endangered" digital file formats, including early image formats like Kodak PhotoCD that modern phones can no longer open without specialty conversion tools.
Real losses have already happened. Picasa shut down in 2016 and forced 50 million users to migrate or lose photos. Flickr's 2019 ownership change deleted free accounts holding more than 1,000 photos. MySpace lost 12 years of user-uploaded media during a 2019 server migration, including roughly 50 million songs and millions of photos, with zero recovery.
Cerf's proposed fix was a concept called digital vellum, an attempt to preserve not just the photo file but the software needed to open it. More than a decade later, no consumer version exists. Your family photos are still your problem to solve.
The practical version of digital vellum is simpler. Print the 50 photos that matter most every year. Export originals from cloud services using their built-in download tool. Apple has Apple Privacy Portal, Google has Google Takeout, both free and both create a complete one-time download of every photo you have uploaded.
Convert old proprietary formats like HEIC, RAW, and PSD into a plain JPEG or TIFF copy that any future viewer will still open without specialty software. Both JPEG and TIFF are documented international standards (ISO 10918 and ISO 12639) that any operating system can read 30 years from now.
Cerf's warning was not about losing files. It was about losing the ability to read them. That gap widens every year you do nothing. [71HH5]