03/04/2026
A beautiful, amazing image sent back from the Artemis II crew. This has been posted in a number of sites this morning.
What is not mentioned is the incredible nature of this picture. This is a picture of Earth's >night< side illuminated by the light of the nearly full moon.
In it, you can see:
- Stars in the background (not generally visible when an image of the earth is exposed for the sunlit Earth as opposed to the moonlight-lit)
- A reflection of the moon in the ocean (at the center of the view)
- The bright daylit limb of the Earth in the lower right.
- Zodiacal light in the lower left (sunlight reflected off the thin disk of space dust that orbits the sun)
- The aurora. This image was taken at a time when some solar activity was producing an aurora- the thin green band (with a hint of red) at the top of the image
- Skyglow: A very thin orangish line at the limb of the earth (best seen at the top of the image just to the left of the aurora). This is a glowing region of ionized sodium atoms that sits right around the Karman line, roughly 100 km above the surface of the earth. This marks the "official" (agreed upon) demarcation between "space" and "not-space"- although the atmosphere just gets gradually ever thinnner as one moves upwards.
- Noctillucent clouds. The thin-white line at lower left seems to be high altitude clouds that form around dust in the upper atmosphere, deposited by micrometeors or, perhaps, rocket exhaust. There's aurora there, too.
I would guess that the exposure time for this image was on the order of a few seconds or more [edit: the EXIF data from the original photo shows 1/4th of second exposure at ISO 52,100, which is an incredibly high sensitivity], so the camera had to be held very steady or motion correction was applied in camera.
The live video images you see from Artemis II on YouTube are blocky and low resolution due to the fact that sending a stream from space requires a lot of bandwidth, bandwidth which is committed to important things like, say, telemetry from the spacecraft and data from the astronauts' themselves.
These still images are occasionally sent back in that stream, taking some time to ensure that they are high quality. They are still likely not the full resolution and quality that we will ultimately see.
The flood of images (and video!) we will get when the crew returns home is sure to be wondrous.