08/27/2023
The historic Great Saltpetre Cave - Livingston, KY (Closed to the public)
Discovered in 1798 by Robert Baker, this cave was used to collect calcium nitrate also known as saltpetre which is the primary ingredient in gunpowder. This cave was particularly important during the war of 1812, when Great Britain decided to stop selling gunpowder to the Americas. It is rumored that more than 1 out of 3 shots fired during the war of 1812,, was fired using gunpowder manufactured from this location. By 1815 the war was over and it became cheaper once again to purchase gunpowder from Great Britain than to buy domestic made gunpowder, which resulted in production ceasing, and all the saltpetre miners to go back home. This of course resulted in the mine to become basically abandoned (locals and some Kentuckian visitors still visited from time to time).
In 1938, Dr. Walker Owens and Mary Alice Barnett purchased the property and started letting visitors tour the cave. By 1939 the property was bought by John Lair and started promoting the cave from nearby Renfro Valley. In 1963, Mr. Lair began renovations to the mine, which included lowering the floor at the entrance and also leveling the floor in the Echo Auditorium to allow easier access for visitors. In 1967, powered lights were brought into the cave system, with the ticket house being built in 1968.
The property was sold again in 1989 to the Felburn Foundation (a foundation that believes in the preservation of natural resources), and then leased to the greater Cincinatti Grotto to see the management of the preserve, assisted by both the Blue Grass Grotto and the Dayton Underground Grotto. In 2006, the preserve was given to the then newly formed Rockcastle Karst Conservancy with the conditions that RKC acquire and continue to manage other cave properties, continuing to protect them for future generations to be able enjoy. The Great Saltpetre Cave is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.